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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | COMMANDS | SECURITY | ENVIRONMENT | HISTORY | AUTHORS | SEE ALSO | REPORTING BUGS | AVAILABILITY |
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MORE(1) User Commands MORE(1)
more - display the contents of a file in a terminal
more [options] file ...
more is a filter for paging through text one screenful at a time.
This version is especially primitive. Users should realize that
less(1) provides more(1) emulation plus extensive enhancements.
Options are also taken from the environment variable MORE (make
sure to precede them with a dash (-)) but command-line options
will override those.
-d, --silent
Prompt with "[Press space to continue, 'q' to quit.]", and
display "[Press 'h' for instructions.]" instead of ringing the
bell when an illegal key is pressed.
-l, --logical
Do not pause after any line containing a ^L (form feed).
-e, --exit-on-eof
Exit on End-Of-File, enabled by default if POSIXLY_CORRECT
environment variable is not set or if not executed on
terminal.
-f, --no-pause
Count logical lines, rather than screen lines (i.e., long
lines are not folded).
-p, --print-over
Do not scroll. Instead, clear the whole screen and then
display the text. Notice that this option is switched on
automatically if the executable is named page.
-c, --clean-print
Do not scroll. Instead, paint each screen from the top,
clearing the remainder of each line as it is displayed.
-s, --squeeze
Squeeze multiple blank lines into one.
-u, --plain
Suppress underlining. This option is silently ignored as
backwards compatibility.
-n, --lines number
Specify the number of lines per screenful. The number argument
is a positive decimal integer. The --lines option shall
override any values obtained from any other source, such as
number of lines reported by terminal.
-number
A numeric option means the same as --lines option argument.
+number
Start displaying each file at line number.
+/string
The string to be searched in each file before starting to
display it.
-h, --help
Display help text and exit.
-V, --version
Display version and exit.
Interactive commands for more are based on vi(1). Some commands
may be preceded by a decimal number, called k in the descriptions
below. In the following descriptions, ^X means control-X.
h or ?
Help; display a summary of these commands. If you forget all
other commands, remember this one.
SPACE
Display next k lines of text. Defaults to current screen size.
z
Display next k lines of text. Defaults to current screen size.
Argument becomes new default.
RETURN
Display next k lines of text. Defaults to 1. Argument becomes
new default.
d or ^D
Scroll k lines. Default is current scroll size, initially 11.
Argument becomes new default.
q or Q or INTERRUPT
Exit.
s
Skip forward k lines of text. Defaults to 1.
f
Skip forward k screenfuls of text. Defaults to 1.
b or ^B
Skip backwards k screenfuls of text. Defaults to 1. Only works
with files, not pipes.
'
Go to the place where the last search started.
=
Display current line number.
/pattern
Search for kth occurrence of regular expression. Defaults to
1.
n
Search for kth occurrence of last regular expression. Defaults
to 1.
!command or :!command
Execute command in a subshell.
v
Start up an editor at current line. The editor is taken from
the environment variable VISUAL if defined, or EDITOR if
VISUAL is not defined, or defaults to vi(1) if neither VISUAL
nor EDITOR is defined.
^L
Redraw screen.
:n
Go to kth next file. Defaults to 1.
:p
Go to kth previous file. Defaults to 1.
:f
Display current file name and line number.
.
Repeat previous command.
When either MORESECURE or PAGERSECURE is set, more will run in
"secure" mode and effectively disable the following commands:
!command or :!command
Execute command in a subshell.
v
Start up an editor.
The more command respects the following environment variables, if
they exist:
MORE
This variable may be set with favored options to more.
SHELL
Current shell in use (normally set by the shell at login
time).
TERM
The terminal type used by more to get the terminal
characteristics necessary to manipulate the screen.
VISUAL
The editor the user prefers. Invoked when command key v is
pressed.
EDITOR
The editor of choice when VISUAL is not specified.
POSIXLY_CORRECT
Disable exit-on-eof (see option -e for more details).
MORESECURE
Run more in "secure" mode. See SECURITY for details.
PAGERSECURE
Equivalent to MORESECURE.
MORE_SHELL_LINES
Specify the number of lines per screenful. It has the same
effect as the '-n' and '--lines' options. See in OPTIONS for
details. Also, note that the environment variable’s value will
be overridden if any of these options are set.
The more command appeared in 3.0BSD. This man page documents more
version 5.19 (Berkeley 6/29/88), which is currently in use in the
Linux community. Documentation was produced using several other
versions of the man page, and extensive inspection of the source
code.
Eric Shienbrood, UC Berkeley.
Modified by Geoff Peck, UCB to add underlining, single spacing.
Modified by John Foderaro, UCB to add -c and MORE environment
variable.
Modified by Christian Goeschel Ndjomouo to add MORESECURE,
PAGERSECURE and MORE_SHELL_LINES environment variables, and a
SECURITY section
less(1), vi(1)
For bug reports, use the issue tracker
<https://github.com/util-linux/util-linux/issues>.
The more command is part of the util-linux package which can be
downloaded from Linux Kernel Archive
<https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/>. This page is
part of the util-linux (a random collection of Linux utilities)
project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨https://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/⟩. If you have a
bug report for this manual page, send it to
[email protected]. This page was obtained from the
project's upstream Git repository
⟨git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/utils/util-linux/util-linux.git⟩ on
2025-08-11. (At that time, the date of the most recent commit that
was found in the repository was 2025-08-05.) If you discover any
rendering problems in this HTML version of the page, or you
believe there is a better or more up-to-date source for the page,
or you have corrections or improvements to the information in this
COLOPHON (which is not part of the original manual page), send a
mail to [email protected]
util-linux 2.42-start-521-ec46 2025-08-09 MORE(1)
Pages that refer to this page: bash(1), colcrt(1), homectl(1), importctl(1), journalctl(1), less(1), localectl(1), loginctl(1), machinectl(1), more(1), portablectl(1), systemctl(1), systemd(1), systemd-analyze(1), systemd-inhibit(1), systemd-nspawn(1), systemd-vmspawn(1), timedatectl(1), updatectl(1), userdbctl(1), readline(3), environ(7), systemd-tmpfiles(8)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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