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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | COPYRIGHT | SEE ALSO | AUTHOR | COLOPHON |
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MARIADBD-SAFE(1) MariaDB Database System MARIADBD-SAFE(1)
mariadbd-safe - MariaDB server startup script (mariadbd-safe is
now a symlink to mariadbd-safe)
mariadbd-safe options
mariadbd-safe is the recommended way to start a mariadbd server on
Unix. mariadbd-safe adds some safety features such as restarting
the server when an error occurs and logging runtime information to
an error log file. Descriptions of error logging is given later in
this section.
mariadbd-safe tries to start an executable named mariadbd. To
override the default behavior and specify explicitly the name of
the server you want to run, specify a --mariadbd or
--mariadbd-version option to mariadbd-safe. You can also use
--ledir to indicate the directory where mariadbd-safe should look
for the server.
Many of the options to mariadbd-safe are the same as the options
to mariadbd.
Options unknown to mariadbd-safe are passed to mariadbd if they
are specified on the command line, but ignored if they are
specified in the [mariadbd-safe] or [mariadbd_safe] groups of an
option file.
mariadbd-safe reads all options from the [mariadbd], [server],
[mariadbd-safe] and [mariadbd_safe] sections in option files. For
example, if you specify a [mariadbd] section like this, mariadbd-
safe will find and use the --log-error option:
[mariadbd]
log-error=error.log
For backward compatibility, mariadbd-safe also reads
[safe_mariadbd] sections, although you should rename such sections
to [mariadbd-safe] in current installations.
mariadbd-safe supports the options in the following list. It also
reads option files and supports the options for processing them.
• --help
Display a help message and exit.
• --basedir=path
The path to the MariaDB installation directory.
• --core-file-size=size
The size of the core file that mariadbd should be able to
create. The option value is passed to ulimit -c.
• --crash-script=file
Script to call in the event of mariadbd crashing.
• --datadir=path
The path to the data directory.
• --defaults-extra-file=path
The name of an option file to be read in addition to the usual
option files. This must be the first option on the command
line if it is used. If the file does not exist or is otherwise
inaccessible, the server will exit with an error.
• --defaults-file=file_name
The name of an option file to be read instead of the usual
option files. This must be the first option on the command
line if it is used.
• --flush-caches
Flush and purge buffers/caches before starting the server.
• --ledir=path
If mariadbd-safe cannot find the server, use this option to
indicate the path name to the directory where the server is
located.
• --log-error=file_name
Write the error log to the given file.
• --malloc-lib=lib
Preload shared library lib if available.
• --mariadbd=prog_name
The name of the server program (in the ledir directory) that
you want to start. This option is needed if you use the
MariaDB binary distribution but have the data directory
outside of the binary distribution. If mariadbd-safe cannot
find the server, use the --ledir option to indicate the path
name to the directory where the server is located.
• --mariadbd-version=suffix
This option is similar to the --mariadbd option, but you
specify only the suffix for the server program name. The
basename is assumed to be mariadbd. For example, if you use
--mariadbd-version=debug, mariadbd-safe starts the
mariadbd-debug program in the ledir directory. If the argument
to --mariadbd-version is empty, mariadbd-safe uses mariadbd in
the ledir directory.
• --nice=priority
Use the nice program to set the server's scheduling priority
to the given value.
• --no-auto-restart, --nowatch, --no-watch
Exit after starting mariadbd.
• --no-defaults
Do not read any option files. This must be the first option on
the command line if it is used.
• --numa-interleave
Run mariadbd with its memory interleaved on all NUMA nodes.
• --open-files-limit=count
The number of files that mariadbd should be able to open. The
option value is passed to ulimit -n. Note that you need to
start mariadbd-safe as root for this to work properly!
• --pid-file=file_name
The path name of the process ID file.
• --plugin-dir=dir_name
Directory for client-side plugins.
• --port=port_num
The port number that the server should use when listening for
TCP/IP connections. The port number must be 1024 or higher
unless the server is started by the root system user.
• --skip-kill-mariadbd
Do not try to kill stray mariadbd processes at startup. This
option works only on Linux.
• --socket=path
The Unix socket file that the server should use when listening
for local connections.
• --syslog, --skip-syslog
--syslog causes error messages to be sent to syslog on systems
that support the logger program. --skip-syslog suppresses the
use of syslog; messages are written to an error log file.
• --syslog-tag=tag
For logging to syslog, messages from mariadbd-safe and
mariadbd are written with a tag of mariadbd-safe and mariadbd,
respectively. To specify a suffix for the tag, use
--syslog-tag=tag, which modifies the tags to be mariadbd-
safe-tag and mariadbd-tag.
• --timezone=timezone
Set the TZ time zone environment variable to the given option
value. Consult your operating system documentation for legal
time zone specification formats.
• --user={user_name|user_id}
Run the mariadbd server as the user having the name user_name
or the numeric user ID user_id. (“User” in this context refers
to a system login account, not a MariaDB user listed in the
grant tables.)
If you execute mariadbd-safe with the --defaults-file or
--defaults-extra-file option to name an option file, the option
must be the first one given on the command line or the option file
will not be used. For example, this command will not use the named
option file:
mariadb> mariadbd-safe --port=port_num --defaults-file=file_name
Instead, use the following command:
mariadb> mariadbd-safe --defaults-file=file_name --port=port_num
The mariadbd-safe script is written so that it normally can start
a server that was installed from either a source or a binary
distribution of MariaDB, even though these types of distributions
typically install the server in slightly different locations.
mariadbd-safe expects one of the following conditions to be true:
• The server and databases can be found relative to the working
directory (the directory from which mariadbd-safe is invoked).
For binary distributions, mariadbd-safe looks under its
working directory for bin and data directories. For source
distributions, it looks for libexec and var directories. This
condition should be met if you execute mariadbd-safe from your
MariaDB installation directory (for example, /usr/local/mysql
for a binary distribution).
• If the server and databases cannot be found relative to the
working directory, mariadbd-safe attempts to locate them by
absolute path names. Typical locations are /usr/local/libexec
and /usr/local/var. The actual locations are determined from
the values configured into the distribution at the time it was
built. They should be correct if MariaDB is installed in the
location specified at configuration time.
Because mariadbd-safe tries to find the server and databases
relative to its own working directory, you can install a binary
distribution of MariaDB anywhere, as long as you run mariadbd-safe
from the MariaDB installation directory:
shell> cd mysql_installation_directory
shell> bin/mariadbd-safe &
If mariadbd-safe fails, even when invoked from the MariaDB
installation directory, you can specify the --ledir and --datadir
options to indicate the directories in which the server and
databases are located on your system.
When you use mariadbd-safe to start mariadbd, mariadbd-safe
arranges for error (and notice) messages from itself and from
mariadbd to go to the same destination.
There are several mariadbd-safe options for controlling the
destination of these messages:
• --syslog: Write error messages to syslog on systems that
support the logger program.
• --skip-syslog: Do not write error messages to syslog. Messages
are written to the default error log file (host_name.err in
the data directory), or to a named file if the --log-error
option is given.
• --log-error=file_name: Write error messages to the named error
file.
If none of these options is given, the default is --skip-syslog.
Note
If --syslog and --log-error are both given, a warning is issued
and --log-error takes precedence.
When mariadbd-safe writes a message, notices go to the logging
destination (syslog or the error log file) and stdout. Errors go
to the logging destination and stderr.
Normally, you should not edit the mariadbd-safe script. Instead,
configure mariadbd-safe by using command-line options or options
in the [mariadbd-safe] section of a my.cnf option file. In rare
cases, it might be necessary to edit mariadbd-safe to get it to
start the server properly. However, if you do this, your modified
version of mariadbd-safe might be overwritten if you upgrade
MariaDB in the future, so you should make a copy of your edited
version that you can reinstall.
On NetWare, mariadbd-safe is a NetWare Loadable Module (NLM) that
is ported from the original Unix shell script. It starts the
server as follows:
1. Runs a number of system and option checks.
2. Runs a check on MyISAM tables.
3. Provides a screen presence for the MariaDB server.
4. Starts mariadbd, monitors it, and restarts it if it terminates
in error.
5. Sends error messages from mariadbd to the host_name.err file
in the data directory.
6. Sends mariadbd-safe screen output to the host_name.safe file
in the data directory.
Copyright 2007-2008 MySQL AB, 2008-2010 Sun Microsystems, Inc.,
2010-2025 MariaDB Foundation
This documentation is free software; you can redistribute it
and/or modify it only under the terms of the GNU General Public
License as published by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of
the License.
This documentation is distributed in the hope that it will be
useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied
warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
See the GNU General Public License for more details.
You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
along with the program; if not, write to the Free Software
Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
02110-1335 USA or see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.
For more information, please refer to the MariaDB Knowledge Base,
available online at https://mariadb.com/kb/
MariaDB Foundation (http://www.mariadb.org/).
This page is part of the MariaDB (MariaDB database server)
project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://mariadb.org/⟩. If you have a bug report for this manual
page, see ⟨https://mariadb.com/kb/en/mariadb/reporting-bugs/⟩.
This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/MariaDB/server⟩ on 2025-08-11. (At that time,
the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
repository was 2025-08-04.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is
a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
[email protected]
MariaDB 11.8 5 March 2025 MARIADBD-SAFE(1)
Pages that refer to this page: mariadbd-multi(1), mariadbd-safe(1)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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