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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | OPTIONS | RELATION TO SLAPD(8) | CN=MONITOR INTERFACE | EXAMPLES | SEE ALSO | BUGS | ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS | COLOPHON |
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LLOADD(8C) LLOADD(8C)
lloadd - LDAP Load Balancer Daemon
LIBEXECDIR/lloadd [-4|-6] [-d debug-level] [-f lloadd-config-file]
[-h URLs] [-n service-name] [-s syslog-level] [-l syslog-local-
user] [-o option[=value]] [-r directory] [-u user] [-g group]
Lloadd is the stand-alone LDAP daemon. It listens for LDAP
connections on any number of ports (default 389), forwarding the
LDAP operations it receives over these connections to be handled
by the configured backends. lloadd is typically invoked at boot
time, usually out of /etc/rc.local. Upon startup, lloadd normally
forks and disassociates itself from the invoking tty. If
configured in the config file, the lloadd process will print its
process ID (see getpid(2)) to a .pid file, as well as the command
line options during invocation to an .args file (see
lloadd.conf(5)). If the -d flag is given, even with a zero
argument, lloadd will not fork and disassociate from the invoking
tty.
See the "OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide" for more details on
lloadd.
-4 Listen on IPv4 addresses only.
-6 Listen on IPv6 addresses only.
-d debug-level
Turn on debugging as defined by debug-level. If this
option is specified, even with a zero argument, lloadd will
not fork or disassociate from the invoking terminal. Some
general operation and status messages are printed for any
value of debug-level. debug-level is taken as a bit
string, with each bit corresponding to a different kind of
debugging information. See <ldap_log.h> for details.
Comma-separated arrays of friendly names can be specified
to select debugging output of the corresponding debugging
information. All the names recognized by the loglevel
directive described in lloadd.conf(5) are supported. If
debug-level is ?, a list of installed debug-levels is
printed, and lloadd exits.
Remember that if you turn on packet logging, packets
containing bind passwords will be output, so if you
redirect the log to a logfile, that file should be read-
protected.
-s syslog-level
This option tells lloadd at what debug-level debugging
statements should be logged to the syslog(8) facility. The
value syslog-level can be set to any value or combination
allowed by the -d switch. Lloadd logs all messages
selected by syslog-level at the syslog(3) severity debug-
level DEBUG, on the unit specified with -l.
-n service-name
Specifies the service name for logging and other purposes.
Defaults to basename of argv[0], i.e.: "lloadd".
-l syslog-local-user
Selects the local user of the syslog(8) facility. Value can
be LOCAL0, through LOCAL7, as well as USER and DAEMON. The
default is LOCAL4. However, this option is only permitted
on systems that support local users with the syslog(8)
facility. Logging to syslog(8) occurs at the "DEBUG"
severity debug-level.
-f lloadd-config-file
Specifies the lloadd configuration file. The default is
ETCDIR/lloadd.conf.
-h URLlist
lloadd will by default serve ldap:/// (LDAP over TCP on all
interfaces on default LDAP port). That is, it will bind
using INADDR_ANY and port 389. The -h option may be used
to specify LDAP (and other scheme) URLs to serve. For
example, if lloadd is given -h "ldap://127.0.0.1:9009/
ldaps:/// ldapi:///", it will listen on 127.0.0.1:9009 for
LDAP, 0.0.0.0:636 for LDAP over TLS, and LDAP over IPC
(Unix domain sockets). Host 0.0.0.0 represents INADDR_ANY
(any interface). A space separated list of URLs is
expected. The URLs should be of the LDAP, PLDAP, LDAPS,
PLDAPS, or LDAPI schemes, and generally without a DN or
other optional parameters (excepting as discussed below).
Support for the latter three schemes depends on selected
configuration options. Hosts may be specified by name or
IPv4 and IPv6 address formats. Ports, if specified, must
be numeric. The default ldap:// port is 389 and the
default ldaps:// port is 636, same for the proxy enabled
variants.
The PLDAP and PLDAPS URL schemes provide support for the
HAProxy proxy protocol version 2, which allows a load
balancer or proxy server to provide the remote client IP
address to slapd to be used for access control or logging.
Ports configured for PLDAP or PLDAPS will only accept
connections that include the necessary proxy protocol
header. Connections to these ports should be restricted at
the network level to only trusted load balancers or proxies
to avoid spoofing of client IP addresses by third parties.
At the moment, the load balancer does not act on the
recorded address in any way.
For LDAP over IPC, name is the name of the socket, and no
port is required, nor allowed; note that directory
separators must be URL-encoded, like any other characters
that are special to URLs; so the socket
/usr/local/var/ldapi
must be specified as
ldapi://%2Fusr%2Flocal%2Fvar%2Fldapi
The default location for the IPC socket is
LOCALSTATEDIR/run/ldapi
-r directory
Specifies a directory to become the root directory. lloadd
will change the current working directory to this directory
and then chroot(2) to this directory. This is done after
opening listeners but before reading any configuration file
or initializing any backend. When used as a security
mechanism, it should be used in conjunction with -u and -g
options.
-u user
lloadd will run lloadd with the specified user name or id,
and that user's supplementary group access list as set with
initgroups(3). The group ID is also changed to this user's
gid, unless the -g option is used to override. Note when
used with -r, lloadd will use the user database in the
change root environment.
-g group
lloadd will run with the specified group name or id. Note
when used with -r, lloadd will use the group database in
the change root environment.
-o option[=value]
This option provides a generic means to specify options
without the need to reserve a separate letter for them.
It supports the following options:
slp={on|off|slp-attrs}
When SLP support is compiled into lloadd, disable it
(off),
enable it by registering at SLP DAs without
specific SLP attributes (on), or with specific SLP
attributes slp-attrs that must be an SLP attribute
list definition according to the SLP standard.
For example, "slp=(tree=production),(server-
type=OpenLDAP),(server-version=2.4.15)" registers at
SLP DAs with the three SLP attributes tree, server-
type and server-version that have the values given
above. This allows one to specifically query the
SLP DAs for LDAP servers holding the production tree
in case multiple trees are available.
Lloadd can be compiled as a slapd loadable module. In that case,
it can be loaded as such:
moduleload path/to/lloadd.la
backend lload
listen "listening URLs"
This enables lloadd to provide additional features through the
host slapd process like access to run-time statistics in
cn=monitor and dynamic configuration from cn=config.
The listening sockets specified will be under direct control of
lloadd and need to be different from the sockets slapd is
configured to listen on. Clients connecting to these are
completely separate from regular LDAP clients connecting to the
usual slapd sockets - lloadd clients have no access to slapd
databases, similarly, slapd client traffic does not propagate to
the lloadd backend servers in any way.
As part of lloadd's cn=monitor interface it is possible to close a
client connection it manages by writing to the corresponding
entry, replacing the olmConnectionState attribute with the value
closing. This is subject to ACLs configured on the monitor
database. The server will send a Notice of Disconnection to the
client, refuse any new operations and once all pending operations
have finished, close the connection.
For example, to close connection number 42:
dn: cn=connection 42,cn=incoming connections,cn=load balancer,cn=backends,cn=monitor
changetype: modify
replace: olmConnectionState
olmConnectionState: closing
To start lloadd and have it fork and detach from the terminal and
start load-balancing the LDAP servers defined in the default
config file, just type:
LIBEXECDIR/lloadd
To start lloadd with an alternate configuration file, and turn on
voluminous debugging which will be printed on standard error,
type:
LIBEXECDIR/lloadd -f /var/tmp/lloadd.conf -d 255
To start lloadd as a module inside a slapd process listening on
ldap://:1389 and ldaps://, put the following in your slapd.conf
(or its equivalent in cn=config):
moduleload lloadd.la
backend lload
listen "ldap://:1389 ldaps://"
ldap(3), lloadd.conf(5), slapd-config(5), slapd-monitor(5),
slapd(8).
"OpenLDAP Administrator's Guide"
(http://www.OpenLDAP.org/doc/admin/)
See http://www.openldap.org/its/
OpenLDAP Software is developed and maintained by The OpenLDAP
Project <http://www.openldap.org/>. OpenLDAP Software is derived
from the University of Michigan LDAP 3.3 Release.
This page is part of the OpenLDAP (an open source implementation
of the Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) project.
Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://www.openldap.org/⟩. If you have a bug report for this
manual page, see ⟨http://www.openldap.org/its/⟩. This page was
obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://git.openldap.org/openldap/openldap.git⟩ on 2025-08-11.
(At that time, the date of the most recent commit that was found
in the repository was 2025-08-05.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is
a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
[email protected]
OpenLDAP LDVERSION RELEASEDATE LLOADD(8C)
Pages that refer to this page: lloadd.conf(5)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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