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NAME | SYNOPSIS | DESCRIPTION | COMMANDS | OPTIONS | EXIT STATUS | SEE ALSO | NOTES | COLOPHON |
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NETWORKCTL(1) networkctl NETWORKCTL(1)
networkctl - Query or modify the status of network links
networkctl [OPTIONS...] COMMAND [LINK...]
networkctl may be used to query or modify the state of the network
links as seen by systemd-networkd. Please refer to
systemd-networkd.service(8) for an introduction to the basic
concepts, functionality, and configuration syntax.
The following commands are understood:
list [PATTERN...]
Show a list of existing links and their status. If one or more
PATTERNs are specified, only links matching one of them are
shown. If no further arguments are specified shows all links,
otherwise just the specified links. Produces output similar
to:
IDX LINK TYPE OPERATIONAL SETUP
1 lo loopback carrier unmanaged
2 eth0 ether routable configured
3 virbr0 ether no-carrier unmanaged
4 virbr0-nic ether off unmanaged
4 links listed.
The operational status is one of the following:
missing
The device is missing.
Added in version 245.
off
The device is powered down.
Added in version 240.
no-carrier
The device is powered up, but does not yet have a carrier.
Added in version 240.
dormant
The device has a carrier, but is not yet ready for normal
traffic.
Added in version 240.
degraded-carrier
One of the bonding or bridge slave network interfaces is
in off, no-carrier, or dormant state, and the master
interface has no address.
Added in version 242.
carrier
The link has carrier, or for bond or bridge master, all
bonding or bridge slave network interfaces are enslaved to
the master.
Added in version 240.
degraded
The link has carrier and addresses valid on the local link
configured. For bond or bridge master this means that not
all slave network interfaces have carrier but at least one
does.
Added in version 240.
enslaved
The link has carrier and is enslaved to bond or bridge
master network interface.
Added in version 242.
routable
The link has carrier and routable address configured. For
bond or bridge master it is not necessary for all slave
network interfaces to have carrier, but at least one must.
Added in version 240.
The setup status is one of the following:
pending
systemd-udevd(8) is still processing the link, we do not
yet know if we will manage it.
Added in version 240.
initialized
systemd-udevd(8) has processed the link, but we do not yet
know if we will manage it.
Added in version 251.
configuring
Configuration for the link is being retrieved or the link
is being configured.
Added in version 240.
configured
Link has been configured successfully.
Added in version 240.
unmanaged
systemd-networkd is not handling the link.
Added in version 240.
failed
systemd-networkd failed to configure the link.
Added in version 240.
linger
The link is gone, but has not yet been dropped by
systemd-networkd.
Added in version 240.
Added in version 219.
status [PATTERN...]
Show information about the specified links: type, state,
kernel module driver, hardware and IP address, configured DNS
servers, etc. If one or more PATTERNs are specified, only
links matching one of them are shown.
When no links are specified, an overall network status is
shown. Also see the option --all.
Produces output similar to:
● State: routable
Online state: online
Address: 10.193.76.5 on eth0
192.168.122.1 on virbr0
169.254.190.105 on eth0
fe80::5054:aa:bbbb:cccc on eth0
Gateway: 10.193.11.1 (CISCO SYSTEMS, INC.) on eth0
DNS: 8.8.8.8
8.8.4.4
In the overall network status, the online state depends on the
individual online state of all required links. Managed links
are required for online by default. In this case, the online
state is one of the following:
unknown
All links have unknown online status (i.e. there are no
required links).
Added in version 249.
offline
All required links are offline.
Added in version 249.
partial
Some, but not all, required links are online.
Added in version 249.
online
All required links are online.
Added in version 249.
Added in version 219.
lldp [PATTERN...]
Show discovered LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol)
neighbors. If one or more PATTERNs are specified only
neighbors on those interfaces are shown. Otherwise, shows
discovered neighbors on all interfaces. Note that for this
feature to work, LLDP= must be turned on for the specific
interface, see systemd.network(5) for details.
Produces output similar to:
LINK SYSTEM-NAME SYSTEM-DESCRIPTION CHASSIS-ID PORT-ID PORT-DESCRIPTION CAPS
enp0s25 GS1900 - 00:e0:4c:00:00:00 2 Port #2 ..b........
Capability Flags:
o - Other; p - Repeater; b - Bridge; w - WLAN Access Point; r - Router;
t - Telephone; d - DOCSIS cable device; a - Station; c - Customer VLAN;
s - Service VLAN, m - Two-port MAC Relay (TPMR)
1 neighbor(s) listed.
Added in version 219.
label
Show numerical address labels that can be used for address
selection. This is the same information that ip-addrlabel(8)
shows. See RFC 3484[1] for a discussion of address labels.
Produces output similar to:
Prefix/Prefixlen Label
::/0 1
fc00::/7 5
fec0::/10 11
2002::/16 2
3ffe::/16 12
2001:10::/28 7
2001::/32 6
::ffff:0.0.0.0/96 4
::/96 3
::1/128 0
Added in version 234.
delete DEVICE...
Deletes virtual netdevs. Takes interface name or index number.
Added in version 243.
up DEVICE...
Bring devices up. Takes interface name or index number.
Added in version 246.
down DEVICE...
Bring devices down. Takes interface name or index number.
Added in version 246.
renew DEVICE...
Renew dynamic configurations e.g. addresses received from DHCP
server. Takes interface name or index number.
Added in version 244.
forcerenew DEVICE...
Send a FORCERENEW message to all connected clients, triggering
DHCP reconfiguration. Takes interface name or index number.
Added in version 246.
reconfigure DEVICE...
Reconfigure network interfaces. Takes interface name or index
number. Note that this does not reload .netdev or .network
corresponding to the specified interface. So, if you edit
config files, it is necessary to call networkctl reload first
to apply new settings.
Added in version 244.
reload
Reload .netdev and .network files.
If a new or modified .netdev file is found, then the
corresponding netdev is created or updated, respectively.
Note, if the corresponding interface already exists, then some
of new settings may not be applied. E.g., VLAN ID cannot be
changed after the interface was created, so changing [VLAN]
Id= will not take effect if the matching VLAN interface
already exists. To apply such settings, the interfaces need to
be removed manually before reload. Also note that even if a
.netdev file is removed, systemd-networkd(8) does not remove
the existing netdev corresponding to the file.
If a new, modified, or removed .network file is found, then
all interfaces that matched the file are reconfigured.
Added in version 244.
edit FILE|@DEVICE...
Edit network configuration files, which include .network,
.netdev, and .link files. If no network config file matching
the given name is found, a new one will be created under /etc/
or /run/, depending on whether --runtime is specified.
Specially, if the name is prefixed by "@", it will be treated
as a network interface, and editing will be performed on the
network config files associated with it. Additionally, the
interface name can be suffixed with ":network" (default),
":link", or ":netdev", in order to choose the type of network
config to operate on.
If --drop-in= is specified, edit the drop-in file instead of
the main configuration file. Unless --no-reload is specified,
systemd-networkd(8) will be reloaded after the edit of the
.network or .netdev files finishes. The same applies for .link
files and systemd-udevd(8). Note that the changed link
settings are not automatically applied after reloading. To
achieve that, trigger uevents for the corresponding interface.
Refer to systemd.link(5) for more information.
If --stdin is specified, the new content will be read from
standard input. In this mode, the old content of the file is
discarded.
Added in version 254.
cat [FILE|@DEVICE...]
Show network configuration files. This command honors the "@"
prefix in a similar way as edit, with support for an
additional suffix ":all" for showing all types of
configuration files associated with the interface at once.
When no argument is specified, networkd.conf(5) and its
drop-in files will be shown.
Added in version 254.
mask FILE...
Mask network configuration files, which include .network,
.netdev, and .link files. A symlink of the given name will be
created under /etc/ or /run/, depending on whether --runtime
is specified, that points to /dev/null. If a non-empty config
file with the specified name exists under the target directory
or a directory with higher priority (e.g. --runtime is used
while an existing config resides in /etc/), the operation is
aborted.
This command honors --no-reload in the same way as edit.
Added in version 256.
unmask FILE...
Unmask network configuration files, i.e. reverting the effect
of mask. Note that this command operates regardless of the
scope of the directory, i.e. --runtime is of no effect.
This command honors --no-reload in the same way as edit and
mask.
Added in version 256.
persistent-storage BOOL
Notify systemd-networkd.service(8) that the persistent storage
for the service is ready. This is called by
systemd-networkd-persistent-storage.service. Usually, this
command should not be called manually by users or
administrators.
Added in version 256.
The following options are understood:
-a --all
Show all links with status.
Added in version 219.
-s --stats
Show link statistics with status.
Added in version 243.
-l, --full
Do not ellipsize the output.
Added in version 245.
-n, --lines=
When used with status, controls the number of journal lines to
show, counting from the most recent ones. Takes a positive
integer argument. Defaults to 10.
Added in version 245.
--drop-in=NAME
When used with edit, edit the drop-in file NAME instead of the
main configuration file.
Added in version 254.
--no-reload
When used with edit, mask, or unmask,
systemd-networkd.service(8) or systemd-udevd.service(8) will
not be reloaded after the operation finishes.
Added in version 254.
--runtime
When used with edit or mask, operate on the file under /run/
instead of /etc/.
Added in version 256.
--stdin
When used with edit, the contents of the file will be read
from standard input and the editor will not be launched. In
this mode, the old contents of the file are automatically
replaced. This is useful to "edit" configuration from scripts,
especially so that drop-in directories are created and
populated in one go.
Multiple drop-ins may be "edited" in this mode with
--drop-in=, and the same contents will be written to all of
them. Otherwise, exactly one main configuration file is
expected.
Added in version 257.
--no-ask-password
Do not query the user for authentication for privileged
operations.
--json=MODE
Shows output formatted as JSON. Expects one of "short" (for
the shortest possible output without any redundant whitespace
or line breaks), "pretty" (for a pretty version of the same,
with indentation and line breaks) or "off" (to turn off JSON
output, the default).
-h, --help
Print a short help text and exit.
--version
Print a short version string and exit.
--no-legend
Do not print the legend, i.e. column headers and the footer
with hints.
--no-pager
Do not pipe output into a pager.
On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.
systemd-networkd.service(8), systemd.network(5),
systemd.netdev(5), ip(8)
1. RFC 3484
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3484
This page is part of the systemd (systemd system and service
manager) project. Information about the project can be found at
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd⟩. If you have a
bug report for this manual page, see
⟨http://www.freedesktop.org/wiki/Software/systemd/#bugreports⟩.
This page was obtained from the project's upstream Git repository
⟨https://github.com/systemd/systemd.git⟩ on 2025-08-11. (At that
time, the date of the most recent commit that was found in the
repository was 2025-08-11.) If you discover any rendering
problems in this HTML version of the page, or you believe there is
a better or more up-to-date source for the page, or you have
corrections or improvements to the information in this COLOPHON
(which is not part of the original manual page), send a mail to
[email protected]
systemd 258~rc2 NETWORKCTL(1)
Pages that refer to this page: org.freedesktop.network1(5), systemd.netdev(5), systemd.network(5), systemd.directives(7), systemd.index(7), systemd-networkd.service(8), systemd-networkd-wait-online.service(8)
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HTML rendering created 2025-09-06 by Michael Kerrisk, author of The Linux Programming Interface. For details of in-depth Linux/UNIX system programming training courses that I teach, look here. Hosting by jambit GmbH. |
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